1. Term: Nabi — נָבִיא (Prophet)
Meaning: One who is called to speak on behalf of God; a messenger.
2. Historical-Cultural Context:
- Prophets in ancient Israel were social and religious leaders who communicated God’s will to the people and rulers.
- They often called for repentance, justice, and covenant faithfulness.
- Prophecy was sometimes linked to visions, dreams, and inspired speech.
- Prophets played crucial roles during times of crisis and transition, often challenging political and religious authorities.
- Prophetic literature includes warnings, promises, and messianic hope.
3. Literary Examples:
- Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Prophets contain diverse prophetic messages.
- The Book of the Twelve reflects varied social and theological contexts.
- Intertestamental literature continued to develop messianic and apocalyptic themes rooted in prophecy.
4. Cultural Significance:
- Prophets shaped Israel’s understanding of God’s justice and mercy.
- They reinforced the covenant and called the nation to faithfulness.
- Their legacy influenced both Jewish and Christian expectations of divine intervention and salvation.