11: Sacrificial System and Temple Worship

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1. Term: Korban — קָרְבָּן (Sacrifice, Offering)

Meaning: An offering presented to God, usually involving animals, grain, or incense.

2. Historical-Cultural Context:

  • The sacrificial system was central to Israelite worship and covenant relationship with God.
  • Sacrifices served as atonement for sin, expressions of thanksgiving, and communal fellowship.
  • The Temple in Jerusalem was the focal point of sacrificial worship, with priests performing rituals.
  • Sacrificial practices were deeply rooted in Ancient Near Eastern religious culture but uniquely shaped by covenant theology.

3. Literary Examples:

  • Leviticus provides detailed laws and instructions on sacrifices.
  • Psalm 51 reflects penitential themes connected to atonement.
  • New Testament references to sacrifice re-interpret the system in light of Christ’s atoning work.

4. Cultural Significance:

  • Sacrifices expressed Israel’s relationship with God and their communal identity.
  • Temple worship reinforced social and religious order.
  • Understanding the sacrificial system is key to grasping New Testament teachings on atonement and fulfillment.
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