14: Prophecy and Apocalyptic Literature

1. Term: Nabi (נָבִיא) — Prophet / Apocalypse (ἀποκάλυψις) — Revelation

Meaning:

  • Nabi: One called to speak God’s message to the people.
  • Apocalypse: A revealing or unveiling of divine mysteries, often concerning the end times.

2. Historical-Cultural Context:

  • Prophets served as God’s spokespeople, calling Israel to repentance and announcing future events.
  • Prophecy often included calls for social justice, covenant faithfulness, and warnings of judgment.
  • Apocalyptic literature arose during times of crisis (e.g., Maccabean persecution), offering hope through visions of God’s ultimate triumph.
  • Symbolism, visions, and angelic mediators characterize apocalyptic texts.

3. Literary Examples:

  • Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel — classical prophetic books.
  • Daniel 7-12, 1 Enoch, Revelation — apocalyptic literature revealing cosmic struggles and divine victory.
  • Intertestamental writings developed apocalyptic themes extensively.

4. Cultural Significance:

  • Prophecy and apocalyptic writings shaped Jewish and early Christian eschatology and ethics.
  • They provided encouragement and identity amid persecution and uncertainty.
  • These genres continue to influence Christian theology and interpretation of Scripture.
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