1. Term: Mammon — מַמּוֹנָא
Meaning: Wealth, riches, or material possessions; often personified as a false master or idol.
2. Historical-Cultural Context:
- Mammon reflects the socio-economic realities of the time, where wealth could dominate a person’s allegiance.
- The term shows the tension between spiritual devotion and materialism in Jewish and early Christian communities.
- Personifying mammon as a “master” or deity illustrates the challenge of idolatry in practical life.
3. Literary Examples:
- Matthew 6:24 — “No one can serve two masters… You cannot serve God and mammon.”
- Luke 16:9 — “Make friends for yourselves by means of unrighteous mammon…”
4. Cultural Significance:
- Mammon highlights the ethical and spiritual dangers of wealth and greed.
- It reflects the broader biblical concern with idolatry and fidelity to God.
- Understanding mammon’s cultural background helps interpret Jesus’ teachings on possessions and priorities.