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Category: Bible Study Guides

Bible Translation History

Hebrews (Bible Translation History)

1. Chronological Evolution of Bible Translations 1.1 Ancient Translations (Before 5th Century CE) 1.2 Medieval Translations (5th–15th Century CE) 1.3…

Bible Translation History

James (Bible Translation History)

1. Chronological Evolution of Bible Translations 1.1 Ancient Translations (Before 5th Century CE) 1.2 Medieval Translations (5th–15th Century CE) 1.3…

Bible Translation History

1 Peter (Bible Translation History)

1. Chronological Evolution of Bible Translations 1.1 Ancient Translations (Before 5th Century CE) 1.2 Medieval Translations (5th–15th Century CE) 1.3…

Bible Translation History

2 Peter (Bible Translation History)

1. Chronological Evolution of Bible Translations 1.1 Ancient Translations (Before 5th Century CE) 1.2 Medieval Translations (5th–15th Century CE) 1.3…

Bible Translation History

1 John (Bible Translation History)

1. Chronological Evolution of Bible Translations 1.1 Ancient Translations (Before 5th Century CE) 1.2 Medieval Translations (5th–15th Century CE) 1.3…

Bible Translation History

2 John (Bible Translation History)

1. Chronological Evolution of Bible Translations 1.1 Ancient Translations (Before 5th Century CE) 1.2 Medieval Translations (5th–15th Century CE) 1.3…

Bible Translation History

3 John (Bible Translation History)

1. Chronological Evolution of Bible Translations 1.1 Ancient Translations (Before 5th Century CE) 1.2 Medieval Translations (5th–15th Century CE) 1.3…

Bible Translation History

Jude (Bible Translation History)

1. Chronological Evolution of Bible Translations 1.1 Ancient Translations (Before 5th Century CE) 1.2 Medieval Translations (5th–15th Century CE) 1.3…

Bible Translation History

Revelation (Bible Translation History)

1. Chronological Evolution of Bible Translations This section traces the historical development of Bible translations with a focus on the…

The Birth of the New Testament

The Birth of the New Testament (Contents)

The Meaning and Use of “Scripture” in Jewish Tradition and the Time of Jesus The Use of the Term “Scripture”…

The Birth of the New Testament

The Meaning and Use of “Scripture” in Jewish Tradition and the Time of Jesus

1. Introduction The concept of Scripture (Greek: graphē) occupies a foundational role in both Jewish religious tradition and early Christian…

The Birth of the New Testament

The Use of the Term “Scripture” in the New Testament: Scope and Development

1. Introduction The Greek term graphē (“Scripture”) occurs 51 times in the New Testament, always referencing sacred, authoritative writings. This…

The Birth of the New Testament

Apostolic Recognition of New Testament Writings as Scripture

1. Introduction While the New Testament canon as we know it was not finalised until the 4th century AD, there…

The Birth of the New Testament

The Septuagint and the Scriptures of the Early Church

1. Introduction The Septuagint, the ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, held a central place in the lives of…

The Birth of the New Testament

“It Is Written”: How the New Testament Interprets the Old Testament

1. Introduction The phrase “It is written” (gegraptai) appears repeatedly in the New Testament, signalling an appeal to the authority…

The Birth of the New Testament

The Formation of the New Testament Canon: Apostolic Writings and Early Church Reception

1. Introduction The New Testament canon, as recognised by the Church today, did not emerge instantaneously. Rather, it developed gradually…

The Birth of the New Testament

Scripture and Inspiration – Theological Foundations in 2 Timothy 3:16

1. Introduction Among the most significant declarations regarding the nature of Scripture in the New Testament is found in 2…

The Birth of the New Testament

Scripture in Early Christian Worship and Liturgy

1. Introduction From the earliest days of the Church, the reading and exposition of Scripture formed the backbone of Christian…

The Birth of the Old Testament

The Birth of the Old Testament (Contents)

The Meaning of “Scripture” in Ancient Israel From Revelation to Record – How the Old Testament Was Written The Torah…

The Birth of the Old Testament

The Meaning of “Scripture” in Ancient Israel

1. Introduction The concept of Scripture did not emerge fully formed in ancient Israel. Rather, it developed gradually as certain…

The Birth of the Old Testament

From Revelation to Record – How the Old Testament Was Written

1. Introduction The formation of the Old Testament involved a remarkable process by which divine revelation was preserved through human…

The Birth of the Old Testament

The Torah – Formation and Recognition of the Pentateuch

1. Introduction The Torah—also known as the Pentateuch, comprising Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy—is the foundational unit of the…

The Birth of the Old Testament

The Prophets – Inspired History and Eschatological Hope

1. Introduction The Prophets constitute the second major division of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh), following the Torah. These books preserve…

The Birth of the Old Testament

The Writings – Wisdom, Poetry, and Post-Exilic Reflections

1. Introduction The Writings (Ketuvim) constitute the third and most diverse division of the Hebrew Bible. Encompassing poetry, wisdom literature,…

The Birth of the Old Testament

The Old Testament Canon – Recognition and Closure

1. Introduction The question of how the Old Testament canon was formed has long been central to biblical scholarship and…

The Birth of the Old Testament

Inspiration and Authority in Jewish Tradition

1. Introduction The question of what makes a text Scripture is fundamentally tied to the concept of inspiration—the belief that…

The Birth of the Old Testament

Scripture in Synagogue and Daily Life

1. Introduction While the canon of the Hebrew Bible was formed over centuries, it was through daily usage, worship, and…

The Birth of the Old Testament

The Old Testament and the Septuagint – The Scriptures in Greek

1. Introduction The Septuagint (LXX) represents the earliest and most influential translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, rendered into Greek between…

The Birth of the Old Testament

From Scroll to Codex – The Transmission and Preservation of the Hebrew Bible

1. Introduction The Hebrew Bible’s survival through millennia is a testimony to the meticulous care, religious reverence, and technological adaptation…

The Birth of the Old Testament

The Hebrew Bible in the Life of Jesus and the Early Church

1. Introduction The Hebrew Bible was not merely a historical backdrop to the life of Jesus and the birth of…

The Birth of the Old Testament

The Old Testament and the Rise of the New

1. Introduction The transition from the Hebrew Bible to the New Testament does not represent a rupture in divine revelation…

Relationship Between OT & NT

Relationship Between OT & NT (Contents)

The Relationship Between the Old Testament and New Testament (Version 1) The Relationship Between the Old Testament and New Testament…

ComparisonRelationship Between OT & NT

The Relationship Between the Old Testament and New Testament (Version 1)

1. Introduction The Christian Bible, comprising the Old and New Testaments, presents a theological continuity that spans diverse historical contexts,…

ComparisonRelationship Between OT & NT

The Relationship Between the Old Testament and New Testament (Version 2)

1. Introduction The Bible, a canonical collection of sacred texts within the Christian tradition, is divided into two major divisions:…

Bible Books Order – by Events

Bible Books Order – by Events (Contents)

The Grand Biblical Timeline: From Lucifer’s Fall to the New Creation The 66 Books of the Bible in Chronological Order…

Bible Books Order – by EventsTimeline

The Grand Biblical Timeline: From Lucifer’s Fall to the New Creation

PRE-TEMPORAL (Before Genesis 1:1) CREATION AND EARLY HISTORY (Genesis 1–11) PATRIARCHAL ERA (Genesis 12–50) EXODUS AND LAW (Exodus–Deuteronomy) CONQUEST, JUDGES,…

Bible Summary – by Books

Bible Summary – by Books (Contents)

1. Genesis (Bible Summary) 2. Exodus (Bible Summary) 3. Leviticus (Bible Summary) 4. Numbers (Bible Summary) 5. Deuteronomy (Bible Summary)…

Bible Summary – by Books

1. Genesis (Bible Summary)

The Beginning of God’s Creation and the Patriarchs Introduction:Genesis is the first book of the Bible and the Pentateuch, traditionally…

Bible Summary – by Books

2. Exodus (Bible Summary)

Deliverance and Covenant Introduction:Exodus is the second book in the Bible and part of the Pentateuch, traditionally attributed to Moses.…

Bible Summary – by Books

3. Leviticus (Bible Summary)

A Manual of Worship and Holiness Introduction:Leviticus, the third book in the Pentateuch, is traditionally attributed to Moses. It continues…

Bible Summary – by Books

4. Numbers (Bible Summary)

Israel’s Journey in the Wilderness Introduction:The Book of Numbers, traditionally attributed to Moses, chronicles the journey of the Israelites through…

Bible Summary – by Books

5. Deuteronomy (Bible Summary)

The Covenant Renewed and the Leadership Transition Preamble (1:1–5) Historical Prologue (1:6—4:43) Stipulations of the Covenant (4:44—26:19) Ratification; Curses and…

Bible Summary – by Books

6. Joshua (Bible Summary)

The Conquest and Division of the Promised Land The Entrance into the Land (1:1—5:12) The Conquest of the Land (5:13—12:24)…

Bible Summary – by Books

7. Judges (Bible Summary)

A Cycle of Apostasy, Oppression, and Deliverance Prologue: Incomplete Conquest and Apostasy (1:1—3:6) Oppression and Deliverance (3:7—16:31) Epilogue: Religious and…

Bible Summary – by Books

8. Ruth (Bible Summary)

A Story of Loyalty, Redemption, and Restoration Introduction: Naomi Emptied (1:1–5) Naomi Returns from Moab (1:6–22) Ruth and Boaz Meet…

Bible Summary – by Books

9. 1 Samuel (Bible Summary)

1 Samuel: The Rise of Israel’s First Kings I. Samuel: God’s Prophet, Priest, and Judge (Chapters 1-8)A. Birth of Samuel…

Bible Summary – by Books

10. 2 Samuel (Bible Summary)

The book of 2 Samuel focuses on the consolidation of David’s kingship over Israel, highlighting both his successes and his…

Bible Summary – by Books

11. 1 Kings (Bible Summary)

The Solomonic Era (1:1—12:24) Solomon’s Succession to the Throne (1:1—2:12) Solomon’s Wisdom (ch. 3) Solomon’s Reign Characterized (ch. 4) Solomon’s…

Bible Summary – by Books

12. 2 Kings (Bible Summary)

2 Kings, focusing on the major events and transitions during the reigns of various kings, the ministries of Elijah and…

Bible Summary – by Books

13. 1 Chronicles (Bible Summary)

Bible Summary – by Books

14. 2 Chronicles (Bible Summary)

The Book of 2 Chronicles highlights the reigns of various kings of Judah, with a strong emphasis on the construction…

Bible Summary – by Books

15. Ezra (Bible Summary)

The Book of Ezra recounts the return of the Jewish exiles from Babylon and the rebuilding of the temple, with…

Bible Summary – by Books

16. Nehemiah (Bible Summary)

The book of Nehemiah focuses on the rebuilding of Jerusalem’s walls after the Babylonian exile, as well as the spiritual…

Bible Summary – by Books

17. Esther

The book of Esther outlines the dramatic story of how Queen Esther, with the help of her cousin Mordecai, saves…

Bible Summary – by Books

18. Job (Bible Summary)

The book of Job explores profound themes of suffering, faith, divine justice, and human understanding. Prologue (Chapters 1-2) Dialogue-Dispute (Chapters…

Bible Summary – by Books

19. Psalms (Bible Summary)

The book of Psalms is a collection of songs, prayers, and poems, divided into five books, which express a wide…

Bible Summary – by Books

20. Proverbs (Bible Summary)

1. Prologue: Purpose and Theme (1:1–7) 2. The Superiority of the Way of Wisdom (1:8—9:18) A. Appeals and Warnings Confronting…

Bible Summary – by Books

21.  Ecclesiastes (Bible Summary)

1. Author (1:1) 2. Theme: The Meaninglessness of Human Efforts Apart from God (1:2) 3. Introduction: The Profitlessness of Human…

Bible Summary – by Books

22. Song of Solomon (Bible Summary)

1. Title (1:1) 2. The First Meeting (1:2—2:7) 3. The Second Meeting (2:8—3:5) 4. The Third Meeting (3:6—5:1) 5. The…

Bible Summary – by Books

23. Isaiah (Bible Summary)

1. Messages of Rebuke and Promise (chs. 1–6) Introduction: Charges against Judah for Breaking the Covenant (ch. 1) The Future…

Bible Summary – by Books

24. Jeremiah (Bible Summary)

1. Call of the Prophet (ch. 1) 2. Warnings and Exhortations to Judah (chs. 2–35) Earliest Discourses (chs. 2–6) Temple…

Bible Summary – by Books

25. Lamentations (Bible Summary)

1. Jerusalem’s Misery and Desolation (ch. 1) 2. The Lord’s Anger against His People (ch. 2) 3. Judah’s Complaint—and Basis…

Bible Summary – by Books

26. Ezekiel (Bible Summary)

1. Oracles of Judgment against Israel (chs. 1–24) Ezekiel’s Inaugural Vision (chs. 1–3) Symbolic Acts Portraying the Siege of Jerusalem…

Bible Summary – by Books

27. Daniel (Bible Summary)

1. Prologue: The Setting (ch. 1; in Hebrew) A. Historical Introduction (1:1–2) B. Daniel and His Friends Are Taken Captive…

Bible Summary – by Books

28. Hosea (Bible Summary)

Superscription (1:1) The Unfaithful Wife and the Faithful Husband (1:2—3:5) The Unfaithful Nation and the Faithful God (chs. 4–14)

Bible Summary – by Books

29. Joel (Bible Summary)

Title (1:1) Judah Experiences a Foretaste of the Day of the Lord (1:2—2:17) Judah Is Assured of Salvation in the…

Bible Summary – by Books

30. Amos (Bible Summary)

Superscription (1:1) Oracles against the Nations, including Judah and Israel (1:3—2:16) Oracles against Israel (3:1—5:17) Announcements of Exile (5:18—6:14) Visions…

Bible Summary – by Books

31. Obadiah (Bible Summary)

Title and Introduction (1) Judgment on Edom (2-14) The Day of the Lord (15-21)

Bible Summary – by Books

32. Jonah (Bible Summary)

Jonah Flees His Mission (chs. 1–2) Jonah Reluctantly Fulfills His Mission (chs. 3–4)

Bible Summary – by Books

33. Micah (Bible Summary)

Title (1:1) First Cycle: Judgment and Restoration of Israel and Judah (1:2—2:13) Second Cycle: Indictment of Judah’s Leaders, but Future…

Bible Summary – by Books

34. Nahum (Bible Summary)

Title (1:1) Nineveh’s Judge (1:2–15) Nineveh’s Judgment (ch. 2) Nineveh’s Total Destruction (ch. 3)

Bible Summary – by Books

35. Habakkuk (Bible Summary)

Title (1:1) Habakkuk’s First Complaint: Why does the evil in Judah go unpunished? (1:2–4) God’s Answer: The Babylonians will punish…

Bible Summary – by Books

36. Zephaniah (Bible Summary)

Introduction (1:1–3) Title: The Prophet Identified (1:1) Prologue: Double Announcement of Total Judgment (1:2–3) The Day of the Lord Coming…

Bible Summary – by Books

37. Haggai (Bible Summary)

First Message: The Call to Rebuild the Temple (1:1–11) The People’s Lame Excuse (1:1–4) The Poverty of the People (1:5–6)…

Bible Summary – by Books

38. Zechariah (Bible Summary)

Introduction (1:1–6) A Series of Eight Visions in One Night (1:7—6:8) The Horseman among the Myrtle Trees (1:7–17) The Four…

Bible Summary – by Books

39. Malachi (Bible Summary)

Title (1:1) Introduction: God’s Faithful Covenant Love for Israel Affirmed (1:2–5) Israel’s Unfaithfulness Rebuked (1:6—2:16) The Unfaithfulness of the Priests…

Bible Summary – by Books

40. Matthew (Bible Summary)

The Birth and Early Years of Jesus (chs. 1–2) His Genealogy (1:1–17) His Birth (1:18—2:12) His Sojourn in Egypt (2:13–23)…

Bible Summary – by Books

41. Mark (Bible Summary)

The Beginnings of Jesus’ Ministry (1:1–13) His Forerunner (1:1–8) His Baptism (1:9–11) His Temptation (1:12–13) Jesus’ Ministry in Galilee (1:14—6:29)…

Bible Summary – by Books

42. Luke (Bible Summary)

The Preface (1:1–4) The Births of John the Baptist and Jesus (1:5—2:52) The Annunciations (1:5–56) The Birth of John the…

Bible Summary – by Books

43. John (Bible Summary)

Prologue: The Word Became Flesh (1:1–18) The Beginning of Jesus’ Ministry (1:19–51) John the Baptist’s Testimony about Jesus (1:19–34) John’s…

Bible Summary – by Books

44. Acts (Bible Summary)

Peter and the Beginnings of the Church in the Holy Land (chs. 1–12) “Throughout Judea, Galilee, and Samaria” (1:1—9:31; see…

Bible Summary – by Books

45. Romans (Bible Summary)

Introduction (1:1–15) Theme: Righteousness from God (1:16–17) The Unrighteousness of All People (1:18—3:20) Gentiles (1:18–32) Jews (2:1—3:8) Summary: All People…

Bible Summary – by Books

46. 1 Corinthians (Bible Summary)

Introduction (1:1–9) Divisions in the Church (1:10—4:21) The Fact of the Divisions (1:10–17) The Causes of the Divisions (1:18—4:13) The…

Bible Summary – by Books

47. 2 Corinthians (Bible Summary)

Apologetic: Paul’s Explanation of His Conduct and Apostolic Ministry (chs. 1–7) Greetings (1:1–2) Thanksgiving for Divine Comfort in Affliction (1:3–11)…

Bible Summary – by Books

48. Galatians (Bible Summary)

Introduction (1:1–10) Greetings (1:1–5) Denunciation (1:6–10) Personal: Authentication of the Apostle of Liberty and Faith (1:11—2:21) Paul’s Gospel Was Received…

Bible Summary – by Books

49. Ephesians (Bible Summary)

Greetings (1:1–2) The Divine Purpose: The Glory and Headship of Christ (1:3–14) Prayer That Christians May Realize God’s Purpose and…

Bible Summary – by Books

50. Philippians (Bible Summary)

Greetings (1:1–2) Thanksgiving and Prayer for the Philippians (1:3–11) Paul’s Personal Circumstances (1:12–26) Exhortations (1:27—2:18) Living a Life Worthy of…

Bible Summary – by Books

51. Colossians (Bible Summary)

Introduction (1:1–14) Greetings (1:1–2) Thanksgiving (1:3–8) Prayer (1:9–14) The Supremacy of Christ (1:15–23) Paul’s Labor for the Church (1:24—2:7) His…

Bible Summary – by Books

52. 1 Thessalonians (Bible Summary)

The Thanksgiving for the Thessalonians (ch. 1) The Grounds for the Thanksgiving (1:1–4) The Genuineness of the Grounds (1:5–10) The…

Bible Summary – by Books

53. 2 Thessalonians (Bible Summary)

Introduction (ch. 1) Greetings (1:1–2) Thanksgiving for Their Faith, Love, and Perseverance (1:3–10) Intercession for Their Spiritual Progress (1:11–12) Instruction…

Bible Summary – by Books

54. 1 Timothy (Bible Summary)

Greetings (1:1–2) Warning against False Teachers (1:3–11) The Nature of the Heresy (1:3–7) The Purpose of the Law (1:8–11) The…

Bible Summary – by Books

55. 2 Timothy (Bible Summary)

Introduction (1:1–4) Paul’s Concern for Timothy (1:5–14) Paul’s Situation (1:15–18) Special Instructions to Timothy (ch. 2) Call for Endurance (2:1–13)…

Bible Summary – by Books

56. Titus (Bible Summary)

Greetings (1:1–4) Concerning Elders (1:5–9) Reasons for Leaving Titus in Crete (1:5) Qualifications of Elders (1:6–9) Concerning False Teachers (1:10–16)…

Bible Summary – by Books

57. Philemon (Bible Summary)

Greetings (1–3) Thanksgiving and Prayer (4–7) Paul’s Plea for Onesimus (8–21) Final Request, Greetings and Benediction (22–25)

Bible Summary – by Books

58. Hebrews (Bible Summary)

Prologue: The Superiority of God’s New Revelation (1:1–4) The Superiority of Christ to Leading Figures under the Old Covenant (1:5—7:28)…

Bible Summary – by Books

59. James (Bible Summary)

Greetings (1:1) Trials and Temptations (1:2–18) The Testing of Faith (1:2–12) The Source of Temptation (1:13–18) Listening and Doing (1:19–27)…

Bible Summary – by Books

60. 1 Peter (Bible Summary)

Greetings (1:1–2) Praise to God for His Grace and Salvation (1:3–12) Exhortations to Holiness of Life (1:13—5:11) The Requirement of…

Bible Summary – by Books

61. 2 Peter (Bible Summary)

Greetings (1:1–2) Exhortation to Growth in Christian Virtues (1:3–11) The Divine Enablement (1:3–4) The Call for Growth (1:5–7) The Value…

Bible Summary – by Books

62. 1 John (Bible Summary)

Introduction: The Reality of the Incarnation (1:1–4) The Christian Life as Fellowship with the Father and the Son (1:5—2:28) Ethical…

Bible Summary – by Books

63. 2 John (Bible Summary)

Greetings (1–3) Commendation (4) Exhortation and Warning (5–11) Conclusion and Final Greetings (12–13)

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