Chapter 10: Do Not Steal — Wealth, Poverty, and Economic Justice

Kingdom Ethics and the Ten Commandments Today

Relevance for the Church, Culture Wars, Law vs. Grace, and Christian Discipleship

This chapter focuses on the Eighth Commandment — “You shall not steal” (Exod. 20:15) — and its application for wealth, poverty, and economic justice in contemporary society.

1. Introduction

The Eighth Commandment commands:

“You shall not steal.”
— Exodus 20:15 (NRSV)

Beyond the literal act of theft, this commandment addresses justice, fairness, and respect for others’ property and dignity. Kingdom ethics demand integrity in economic life, care for the poor, and opposition to exploitation and corruption.

2. Historical and Cultural Context

2.1. Ancient Israel

  • Theft violated the covenantal trust within the community (Lev. 19:11)
  • Restitution and justice were mandated (Exod. 22:1–4)
  • Protecting property reflected moral and social stability

2.2. Covenant Ethics

The commandment reflects God’s character: justice, provision, and protection for the vulnerable (Deut. 24:14–15). Economic exploitation was considered a serious moral offence.

3. Jesus and Economic Ethics

Jesus redefined the meaning of wealth and generosity:

“Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust consume and where thieves break in and steal; but store up for yourselves treasures in heaven.”
— Matthew 6:19–20

Kingdom ethics emphasise heart-level generosity, integrity, and stewardship rather than mere rule-following.

4. Contemporary Challenges

4.1. Material Theft

  • Theft remains a social concern but often manifests in white-collar crime, corruption, and exploitation
  • Kingdom ethics require honesty in business, taxation, and trade

4.2. Economic Inequality

  • Poverty and systemic injustice can be linked to indirect theft of resources or opportunities
  • Christians are called to advocate for fairness and protect the vulnerable (James 5:4)

4.3. Consumerism and Covetousness

  • Desire for what belongs to others can lead to fraud, dishonesty, and exploitation
  • Kingdom ethics encourage contentment and responsible stewardship (Heb. 13:5)

5. The Spirit and Economic Integrity

The Holy Spirit enables believers to:

  • Act with honesty and fairness in all transactions (Eph. 4:28)
  • Resist greed and corruption
  • Champion justice for the marginalized

Kingdom ethics transform obedience into joyful integrity, not mere legal compliance.

6. Practical Applications

6.1. Personal Practices

  • Avoid cheating, dishonesty, and fraud
  • Practice generosity and stewardship
  • Cultivate contentment and resist greed

6.2. Community and Society

  • Advocate for equitable economic policies
  • Support initiatives that alleviate poverty
  • Promote ethical practices in business, finance, and governance

7. Conclusion

The Eighth Commandment challenges Christians to honour God by respecting the property, rights, and dignity of others. Kingdom ethics call for justice, generosity, and integrity in both personal and societal economic life.

“Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labour, doing honest work with his own hands, so that he may have something to share with anyone in need.”
— Ephesians 4:28

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