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The Torah – Formation and Recognition of the Pentateuch
1. Introduction The Torah—also known as the Pentateuch, comprising Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy—is the foundational unit of the…
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The Prophets – Inspired History and Eschatological Hope
1. Introduction The Prophets constitute the second major division of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh), following the Torah. These books preserve…
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The Writings – Wisdom, Poetry, and Post-Exilic Reflections
1. Introduction The Writings (Ketuvim) constitute the third and most diverse division of the Hebrew Bible. Encompassing poetry, wisdom literature,…
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The Old Testament Canon – Recognition and Closure
1. Introduction The question of how the Old Testament canon was formed has long been central to biblical scholarship and…
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Inspiration and Authority in Jewish Tradition
1. Introduction The question of what makes a text Scripture is fundamentally tied to the concept of inspiration—the belief that…
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Scripture in Synagogue and Daily Life
1. Introduction While the canon of the Hebrew Bible was formed over centuries, it was through daily usage, worship, and…
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The Old Testament and the Septuagint – The Scriptures in Greek
1. Introduction The Septuagint (LXX) represents the earliest and most influential translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, rendered into Greek between…
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From Scroll to Codex – The Transmission and Preservation of the Hebrew Bible
1. Introduction The Hebrew Bible’s survival through millennia is a testimony to the meticulous care, religious reverence, and technological adaptation…
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The Hebrew Bible in the Life of Jesus and the Early Church
1. Introduction The Hebrew Bible was not merely a historical backdrop to the life of Jesus and the birth of…
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The Old Testament and the Rise of the New
1. Introduction The transition from the Hebrew Bible to the New Testament does not represent a rupture in divine revelation…
