Apostle

Doctrinal, Denominational, and Ministerial Uses of the Term “Apostolic” in Christianity 1. Question What does the term “Apostolic” mean in Christian theology and practice? Does it refer to teachings of the apostles, to a specific church or denomination, or to a particular style of ministry? 2. Core Definition The word…

1. Question What is apostolic succession, and why is it considered essential by the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches? Is it a biblical concept or a later ecclesiastical development? 2. Definition of Apostolic Succession Apostolic succession is the belief that the authority and teaching of the original apostles—entrusted directly…

1. Question Do apostles still exist today as part of the Church’s ministry, or was the apostolic office limited to the original Twelve and Paul? How should the title “apostle” be understood in contemporary Christianity? 2. Definitions and Background The term apostle comes from the Greek word ἀπόστολος (apostolos), meaning…

1. Question What does the phrase “they continued steadfastly in the apostles’ doctrine” (Acts 2:42) mean, and what are its implications for Christian belief and practice today? 2. Scriptural Text and Context “And they continued steadfastly in the apostles’ doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers.”—…

1. Question What were the qualifications for apostleship in the New Testament, and how were apostles recognised? Were signs such as witnessing the resurrection and performing miracles essential? 2. Introduction In the New Testament, the term apostle (Greek: ἀπόστολος, apostolos) means “one who is sent” and is used in several…

1. Introduction The distinction between Oneness Apostolic theology and Trinitarian Pentecostalism represents one of the most significant theological divides within the broader Pentecostal movement. Although both groups affirm Spirit baptism, holiness, and the authority of Scripture, they diverge on the doctrine of God, baptismal formula, and Christology. 2. Definition of…

1. Introduction The question of the historicity of the apostles is fundamental to Christian origins. Their existence underpins: Some modern sceptical scholars argue they may have been legendary constructs, while traditional and critical scholars generally affirm their historical reality. 2. Evidence for the Apostles as Historical Figures 2.1 Multiple Independent…

1. Introduction Apostolic authority is often cited to legitimise strong hierarchical church structures, particularly within: This raises ethical, theological, and practical questions about power, servanthood, and spiritual leadership in the Church. 2. Biblical Concept of Apostolic Authority 2.1 Nature of Apostolic Authority Aspect Biblical Basis Commissioned by Christ Apostles were…

1. Introduction Apostolic succession is the doctrine that ecclesiastical authority is passed down through an unbroken line of bishops from the apostles to the present, preserving: However, its historical verifiability and theological interpretation have been contested between Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Anglican, and Protestant traditions. 2. Definition of Apostolic Succession Aspect…

1. Introduction The Acts of the Apostles and Pauline letters record numerous miracles performed by the apostles, including: The question is whether these events are: 2. Historical and Textual Considerations 2.1 Early Dating of Sources Evidence Explanation Acts of the Apostles Traditionally attributed to Luke, a companion of Paul (Colossians…

1. Introduction In recent decades, especially within Charismatic, Pentecostal, and Restorationist movements, the title “apostle” has been revived, with individuals or networks claiming apostolic authority to govern churches, plant ministries, and lead spiritual movements. This raises significant theological, historical, and ethical questions: 2. Biblical Definition of Apostle | Greek term:…

1. Introduction Many world religions possess spiritual teachers, prophets, or enlightened leaders: The Christian concept of apostleship has distinct theological, historical, and structural features that set it apart. 2. Definition of Apostle | Greek term: apostolos (ἀπόστολος) | Meaning: “One sent forth” – a commissioned envoy or messenger with delegated…

1. Introduction The devotion of the apostles, many of whom faced martyrdom for their testimony of the risen Christ, raises critical questions in historical, theological, and psychological analysis: 2. The Historical Claim 2.1 Apostolic Testimony Key Texts Summary 1 Corinthians 15:3–8 Paul’s creed lists resurrection appearances to Peter, the Twelve,…

1. Introduction The revival of apostolic-style authority within modern church movements, particularly in Charismatic, Pentecostal, and Restorationist contexts, has often been associated with powerful leadership, visionary mission, and rapid growth. However, historical and contemporary evidence reveals significant risks of spiritual abuse, authoritarian control, and cultic tendencies when such authority is…

1. Introduction Apostolic succession is the doctrine that ecclesiastical authority is derived through an unbroken line of bishops tracing back to the apostles. While intended to preserve doctrinal purity and sacramental validity, it has historically contributed to ecclesial divisions and mutual non-recognition among Christian traditions. 2. Definition of Apostolic Succession…