6: Faith — Emunah (OT), Pistis (NT), and Intertestamental Usage

, ,

1. Hebrew Term: Emunah — אֱמוּנָה

Pronunciation: eh-moo-NAH
Meaning: Faithfulness, trust, steadfastness; firm belief and loyalty toward God.

Old Testament Usage:

  • Emphasizes trust in God’s promises and faithfulness in relationship.
  • Often connected to God’s faithfulness and human reliance upon Him.
    Example Verses:
  • Habakkuk 2:4 — “The righteous shall live by his faithfulness (emunah).”
  • Psalm 33:4 — “For the word of the LORD is upright, and all his work is done in faithfulness (emunah).”

Intertestamental Usage:

  • In Jewish writings, emunah extends into steadfast loyalty amidst trials and hope for divine vindication.
  • Emphasis on trust in God’s covenant and eschatological promises.

New Testament Usage:

  • Pistis (faith) becomes the key term for belief and trust in God through Christ.
  • Focuses on faith as the means of justification and salvation.
    Example Verses:
  • Hebrews 11:1 — “Now faith (pistis) is the assurance of things hoped for…”
  • Romans 5:1 — “Therefore, since we have been justified by faith (pistis), we have peace with God.”

Comparative Summary:

  • Emunah centers on covenantal faithfulness and trust in God’s promises.
  • Pistis develops faith as personal trust in Christ, foundational for salvation.
  • The intertestamental period bridges the relational and doctrinal development of faith.
Home