1. Introduction
Beyond the major disputes recorded involving Paul, Barnabas, and Peter, other apostles such as John and James also navigated leadership challenges and theological tensions in the early church.

2. Historical and Biblical Context

• James the Just: Recognised as a leading figure in the Jerusalem church (Acts 15:13).
• John: Often associated with close leadership alongside Peter and James (Galatians 2:9).
• Disputes: While explicit arguments are scarce, epistles and Acts suggest negotiation over Gentile inclusion, mission strategy, and doctrinal boundaries.

3. Nature of the Disputes

• Doctrinal Clarifications: James’ leadership during the Jerusalem Council helped shape decisions on the Law’s role (Acts 15).
• Mission Strategy: Differing emphases on Jewish-Gentile relations sometimes caused tension (Galatians).
• Internal Challenges: Warnings against false teachers in Pauline letters hint at ongoing internal disputes (2 Peter, James).

4. Theological and Ecclesiastical Implications

• Shared Authority and Diversity: Leadership included multiple apostles balancing diverse views.
• Unity in Diversity: Maintaining doctrinal unity amid cultural differences.
• Guarding the Gospel: Vigilance against false teachings and divisiveness.

5. Scholarly Commentary
F.F. Bruce (1988) and N.T. Wright (2009) highlight the complexity and fluidity of early church leadership, marked by cooperation and occasional conflict.

6. Conclusion
Disputes involving John, James, and other early leaders reflect the dynamic nature of apostolic leadership, essential for the church’s development and doctrinal integrity.

References
Acts 15; Galatians 2; James 2:1–26; 2 Peter 2
Bruce, F.F. (1988). The Book of Acts. Eerdmans.
Wright, N.T. (2009). Paul and the Faithfulness of God. Fortress Press.