Comparison
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The Relationship Between the Old Testament and New Testament (Version 1)
1. Introduction The Christian Bible, comprising the Old and New Testaments, presents a theological continuity that spans diverse historical contexts, languages, and covenants. While each Testament has distinct origins and emphases, together they form a unified narrative of divine revelation, covenantal development, and redemptive history. This article examines the structural, theological, and covenantal relationship between…
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The Relationship Between the Old Testament and New Testament (Version 2)
1. Introduction The Bible, a canonical collection of sacred texts within the Christian tradition, is divided into two major divisions: the Old Testament (OT) and the New Testament (NT). These two Testaments are not merely sequential anthologies but theologically interconnected documents that together form a unified narrative of divine revelation. This article explores the relationship…
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Time and Eternity: God’s Timelessness vs. Human Waiting
Section 1: Divine Temporality and Human Waiting: A Thought Experiment on 2 Peter 3:8 1. Introduction Time governs human life, yet biblical theology challenges the assumption that divine action conforms to human temporality. A striking statement in 2 Peter 3:8 declares, “With the Lord a day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years…
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A Comparative Study of Joseph and David
Integrity and Temptation in the Bible: A Comparative Study of Joseph and David 1. Introduction The Bible presents rich narrative accounts that are not only theological but also deeply ethical and psychologically perceptive. Among these, the contrasting stories of Joseph’s resistance to Potiphar’s wife (Genesis 39) and David’s adultery with Bathsheba (2 Samuel 11) offer…
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The Historical Evolution of Christian Worship Services
1. Introduction Christian worship has evolved dramatically over two millennia, shaped by theology, history, culture, persecution, revival, and ecclesial structure. This chapter outlines seven major types of Christian worship services and traces their historical development from the apostolic era to the present, highlighting key theological shifts, denominational distinctions, and cultural expressions. 2. The Seven Types…
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Comparing and Interpreting the Seven Streams of Christian Worship
IntroductionChristian worship across history has taken many forms—some highly structured, others spontaneous; some centred on mystery, others on proclamation; some corporate, others domestic. This synthesis chapter compares the seven major worship types explored in this series: Liturgical, Non-Liturgical, Charismatic/Pentecostal, Contemplative, Seeker-Friendly, Sacramental, and Family/Home Worship. It outlines their unique strengths, theological emphases, historical emergence, and…
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From Scroll to Silicon: AI in the Historical Evolution of Bible Study
1. Introduction: A Journey Through Media and Meaning The Bible has journeyed through an extraordinary arc of media transformation—from oral tradition and stone inscriptions to digital apps and artificial intelligence. This progression is more than technological; it reflects the enduring human effort to preserve, interpret, and communicate divine revelation across changing historical contexts (Graham, 2010).…
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Chapter 13 – Cosmology, Multiverse, and Time Theology
The Multiverse, Parallel Dimensions, and God’s Infinite Creativity Scientific Background: Modern Theories of Multiple Realities In recent decades, contemporary physics has proposed a range of models that point to the possible existence of multiple or parallel universes. These hypotheses, while speculative, are grounded in attempts to unify the fundamental forces of nature and explain the…
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Chapter 14 – Quantum Theology and Observer Reality
Scientific Background: The Observer Effect and the Nature of Reality Quantum physics has revolutionised our understanding of the physical world by introducing phenomena that challenge the assumptions of classical mechanics. Among its most striking features is the observer effect—the principle that the act of measurement or observation can influence the state of a quantum system.…
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Chapter 16 – Artificial Immortality or Divine Resurrection?
AI, Transhumanism, and the End of Humanity as We Know It (Creation to Nations – Chapter 16) “For the perishable must clothe itself with the imperishable, and the mortal with immortality.”— 1 Corinthians 15:53 Introduction: Humanity at the Crossroads In the unfolding story from Creation to Nations, we have traced the divine design of the…
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Comparative Gospel Genealogies
Luke’s Alternate Genealogy (Luke 3:23–38) OverviewLuke’s genealogy traces a biological or possibly maternal lineage—likely through Mary—moving in reverse chronological order from Jesus back to Adam. It records 76 names, amounting to 75 generations before Christ, and offers a distinct theological emphasis compared to Matthew’s account. Genealogical Path Luke begins with Joseph, identified as the “son…
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Comparison with Matthew’s Genealogy and Luke’s Genealogy
Genealogical Direction and StructureLuke’s genealogy is presented in reverse chronological order, beginning with Jesus and tracing back to Adam and ultimately to God. Matthew’s genealogy proceeds in forward order, starting from Abraham and culminating in Jesus. Luke records seventy-six names in a continuous linear list without thematic divisions. In contrast, Matthew deliberately structures his list…