Understanding One God (Contents)
Part 1 – God the Father: Source, Creator and Eternal One Part 2 – The Son: The Word Made Flesh…
Category: Theologies
Part 1 – God the Father: Source, Creator and Eternal One
“In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.”— Genesis 1:1 (NRSV) 1. Introduction Among the world’s faith traditions,…
Part 2 – The Son: The Word Made Flesh (Yahshua / Jesus Christ)
“In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.”— John 1:1 (NRSV)…
Part 3 – The Holy Spirit: The Living Breath of God
“And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters.”— Genesis 1:2 (NRSV) 1. Introduction The Holy…
Part 4 – The Trinity: One God in Three Persons
“Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father and of the Son…
Part 5 – Worship and Praise: The Trinitarian Order
“For through Him we both have access in one Spirit to the Father.”— Ephesians 2:18 (NRSV) 1 Introduction Christian worship…
Part 6 – Roles in Creation, Salvation, and Restoration
“From Him and through Him and to Him are all things.To Him be the glory for ever. Amen.”— Romans 11…
Part 7 – Analogies and Understanding: Sun, Light and Heat
“For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes—His eternal power and divine nature—have been clearly seen, being understood…
Part 8 – The Language of the Spirit: Breath, Wind, Fire and Life
“The wind blows where it chooses, and you hear the sound of it, but you do not know where it…
Part 9 – Common Misunderstandings about the Trinity
“For God is not the author of confusion, but of peace.”— 1 Corinthians 14 : 33 (KJV) 1 Introduction The…
Part 10 – Knowing God Personally: Living in Divine Fellowship
“Indeed our fellowship is with the Father and with His Son Jesus Christ.”— 1 John 1 : 3 (NRSV) 1…
The Cross-Shaped Life (Contents)
Part 1: Why Faith Has Two Directions Part 2: The Vertical Relationship – Loving and Knowing God Part 3: The…
Part 1: Why Faith Has Two Directions
1 Introduction Christian faith is not one-dimensional. It moves upward toward God in worship and outward toward others in love.…
Part 2: The Vertical Relationship – Loving and Knowing God
1 Introduction The vertical relationship is the axis of worship, trust, and obedience that joins humanity to God.It defines the…
Part 3: The Horizontal Relationship – Loving and Serving Others
1 Introduction The horizontal relationship represents the believer’s outward expression of divine love.Having been reconciled to God, Christians are called…
Part 4: The Connection – How Faith Fuels Love
1 Introduction Faith and love are not separate virtues but two movements of one spiritual life.Faith looks upward to receive;…
Part 5: The Sabbath Principle – Rest and Renewal in Both Directions
1 Introduction The Sabbath is one of Scripture’s most profound symbols of balance.It unites worship and mercy, faith and compassion,…
Part 6: The Disruption – Sin and the Breakdown of Relationship
1 Introduction The story of humanity is the story of broken relationships.Sin did not merely introduce moral error; it disrupted…
Part 7: The Restoration – Christ as the Bridge Between Heaven and Humanity
1 Introduction Where sin tore creation apart, Christ unites it again.The Cross stands at the centre of history as the…
Part 8: The Fulfilment – Eternal Harmony in the New Creation
1 Introduction Every divine purpose moves toward fulfilment.Creation began in harmony, was broken by sin, and is now being restored…
Divine Name, Many Tongues (Contents)
Part I – The Divine Name in Hebrew Revelation Part II – The Name through Translation and Pentecost Part III…
Part I – The Divine Name in Hebrew Revelation
Abstract This study examines the origin, meaning, and theological significance of the Divine Name in Hebrew Scripture. From the earliest…
Part II – The Name through Translation and Pentecost
Abstract This paper traces how the Divine Name, first revealed in Hebrew as YHWH, entered the multilingual world of the…
Part III – The Name Misunderstood: Pagan Parallels and Theological Clarity
Abstract This study examines the widespread claim that Christian vocabulary—particularly Christ, Trinity, and Lord—was borrowed from pre-Christian religions. Through historical,…
Final Synthesis – One Divine Name Confessed by Every Tongue
1 Introduction: The Journey of the Name From the revelation of YHWH at the burning bush to the confession “Jesus…
Appendix I – The Personhood of the Holy Spirit: One Name, One Presence
Abstract This appendix investigates whether the Holy Spirit should be understood as a personal being or merely as an impersonal…
Appendix II – The Co-Agency of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit
Abstract This appendix explores how the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit act together in every divine operation. Classical Christian theology…
Appendix Table: The Divine Names and Titles Across Languages
Name / Title Language of Origin Translational Equivalents Key Biblical References Meaning / Theological Emphasis YHWH (יהוה) Hebrew Kyrios (Greek),…
Law, Sin, and Grace (Contents)
Part I – Introduction and Definition Part II – The Nature of Sin Part III – The Classification of Sin…
Part I – Introduction and Definition
1. Etymology and Terminology of Sin 1.1 Hebrew and Greek Roots The biblical terms for sin convey the notion of…
Part II – The Nature of Sin
3. Philosophical and Theological Nature 3.1 Sin as Rebellion, Corruption and Privation The essence of sin lies in the rejection…
Part III – The Classification of Sin
5. Individual and Personal Sin 5.1 Sins of Commission and Omission Personal sin refers to deliberate human acts that violate…
Part IV – Sin in Relation to Realms and Beings
8. Sin against God (Vertical Dimension) 8.1 Violation of Divine Holiness All sin is first and foremost theological—a rupture in…
Part V – The Consequences of Sin
11. Spiritual Consequences 11.1 Separation from God The primary consequence of sin is alienation from God. Isaiah declares, “Your iniquities…
Part VI – The Revelation and Recognition of Sin
14. The Law as Mirror 14.1 Purpose of the Ten Commandments The moral law—epitomised in the Decalogue (Exodus 20:1–17)—reveals God’s…
Part VII – Deliverance and Restoration
16. The Role of the Mediator (Christ) 16.1 Fulfilment of the Law Jesus Christ stands at the centre of redemption…
Part VIII – Conclusion
18. Summary of the Doctrine of Sin 18.1 Sin as Universal Condition The biblical and theological witness affirms the universality…
Repent, Regret, and Grieve (Contents)
Part 1 – The Language of Sorrow in Scripture Part 2 – True Repentance: The Change of Heart Part 3…
Part 1 – The Language of Sorrow in Scripture
1. Introduction Throughout the Bible, words translated as repent, regret, and grieve describe both divine and human responses to sin,…
Part 2 – True Repentance: The Change of Heart
1. Introduction Repentance lies at the centre of biblical faith. Both Testaments declare that restoration to God begins not with…
Part 3 – False Repentance and Worldly Regret
1. Introduction While Scripture repeatedly calls for genuine repentance, it also records many instances of false repentance or worldly regret—emotional…
Part 4 – When God “Regrets”: Understanding Divine Sorrow
1. Introduction Among the most thought-provoking statements in Scripture are those describing God as “regretting” or “repenting” of an action.…
Part 5 – The Grief of God’s Spirit
1. Introduction The Scriptures reveal not only that God sorrows over sin in general but also that His Spirit can…
Part 6 – The Prophet’s and Apostle’s Grief: Sharing in Divine Sorrow
1. Introduction Throughout Scripture, God’s chosen messengers experience profound emotional and spiritual pain as they confront the sin of their…
Part 7 – Jesus’ Compassion and Tears: The Perfect Expression of Divine Sorrow
1. Introduction In the person of Jesus Christ, divine sorrow reaches its fullest revelation. Throughout the Gospels, Jesus displays profound…
Part 8 – From Grief to Grace: The Purpose of Divine Sorrow
1. Introduction Throughout Scripture, divine sorrow is never aimless or uncontrolled. God’s grief is redemptive, not reactionary. His sorrow reveals…
Part 9 – The Human Response: Repentance that Heals
1. Introduction Divine sorrow calls for a human response. Throughout Scripture, God’s grief over sin invites repentance rather than despair.…
Part 10 – The End of Sorrow: Divine Restoration and Eternal Joy
1. Introduction The biblical narrative that begins in divine grief concludes in divine gladness. From the tears of Eden to…
Grace Beyond Ability (Contents)
Part 1 – The God Who Judges Rightly: Justice and Mercy in Harmony Part 2 – Before Understanding: Infants, the…
Part 1 – The God Who Judges Rightly: Justice and Mercy in Harmony
Series: Grace Beyond Ability – The Justice and Mercy of God Toward the Helpless and the Ignorant 1. Introduction The…
Part 2 – Before Understanding: Infants, the Unborn, and the Incapable
Series: Grace Beyond Ability – The Justice and Mercy of God Toward the Helpless and the Ignorant 1. Introduction If…
Part 3 – Original Sin and Divine Grace: From Adam to Christ
Series: Grace Beyond Ability – The Justice and Mercy of God Toward the Helpless and the Ignorant 1. Introduction To…
Part 4 – Faith, Repentance, and Confession: Receiving What Grace Provides
Series: Grace Beyond Ability – The Justice and Mercy of God Toward the Helpless and the Ignorant 1. Introduction If…
Part 5 – Grace Beyond Conscious Faith: When Belief Is Humanly Impossible
Series: Grace Beyond Ability – The Justice and Mercy of God Toward the Helpless and the Ignorant 1. Introduction Having…
Part 6 – Ignorance and Accountability: “They Know Not What They Do”
Series: Grace Beyond Ability – The Justice and Mercy of God Toward the Helpless and the Ignorant 1. Introduction In…
Part 7 – Intercession and Declaration: Two Dimensions of Forgiveness
Series: Grace Beyond Ability – The Justice and Mercy of God Toward the Helpless and the Ignorant 1. Introduction The…
Part 8 – From the Cross to Pentecost: How Jesus’ Prayer Was Fulfilled
Series: Grace Beyond Ability – The Justice and Mercy of God Toward the Helpless and the Ignorant 1. Introduction When…
Part 9 – Grace and Knowledge: The Measure of Divine Judgement
Series: Grace Beyond Ability – The Justice and Mercy of God Toward the Helpless and the Ignorant 1. Introduction If…
Part 10 – The Realm Perspective: Divine, Earthly, and Corrupted Justice
Series: Grace Beyond Ability – The Justice and Mercy of God Toward the Helpless and the Ignorant 1. Introduction Having…
Theological Contrasts in Modern Evangelicalism (Contents)
1: Beth Moore – Charismatic Devotion and the Public Voice of Evangelical Women 2: Rick Warren – Purpose, Pragmatism, and…
1: Beth Moore – Charismatic Devotion and the Public Voice of Evangelical Women
1. Introduction Beth Moore stands as one of the most prominent and influential evangelical women of the late twentieth and…
2: Rick Warren – Purpose, Pragmatism, and the Seeker-Sensitive Revolution
1. Introduction Rick Warren is one of the most recognisable names in contemporary evangelicalism, known for bridging pastoral ministry, church…
3: T.D. Jakes – Prosperity, Modalism, and the Language of Empowerment
1. Introduction Thomas Dexter Jakes, commonly known as T.D. Jakes, is one of the most influential preachers in global Christianity,…
4: Francis Chan – Simplicity, House Church, and the Spirit-Led Life
1. Introduction Francis Chan is one of the most recognisable evangelical voices of the twenty-first century who, at the height…
5: Andy Stanley – Cultural Relevance, Deconstruction, and the Future of Church Communication
1. Introduction Andy Stanley has emerged as one of the most influential—and controversial—figures in modern American evangelicalism, particularly in the…
6: Bill Johnson – Signs, Wonders, and the Supernatural Ministry of Bethel Church
1. Introduction Bill Johnson is a defining figure in contemporary charismatic and Pentecostal Christianity, especially known for pioneering a theology…
7: Mike Bickle – Prayer, Prophecy, and the Eschatology of Intimacy
1. Introduction Mike Bickle is a prominent figure in contemporary charismatic Christianity, particularly known for pioneering a global prayer movement…
8: Steven Furtick – Emotional Energy, Motivational Rhetoric, and Charismatic Popularity
1. Introduction Steven Furtick is a leading figure in the contemporary charismatic–evangelical landscape, known for his high-energy preaching, motivational tone,…
9: Zane Hodges – Free Grace Theology and the Debate over Lordship Salvation
1. Introduction Zane C. Hodges was a New Testament scholar and leading proponent of Free Grace Theology, a doctrinal system…
10: Charles Ryrie – Dispensational Theology, Free Grace, and Biblical Simplicity
1. Introduction Charles Caldwell Ryrie was one of the most influential evangelical theologians of the twentieth century, particularly known for…
11: Tim Keller – Cultural Apologetics, Urban Ministry, and Gospel-Centred Justice
1. Introduction Timothy J. Keller (1950–2023) was one of the most influential evangelical thinkers, pastors, and writers of the late…
12: Russell Moore – Public Theology, Ethics, and the Prophetic Voice of Evangelicalism
1. Introduction Russell Moore has emerged as one of the most intellectually rigorous and ethically grounded voices in modern evangelicalism,…
13: John MacArthur – Expository Preaching, Doctrinal Certainty, and Evangelical Separatism
1. Introduction John MacArthur is one of the most recognisable and polarising evangelical leaders of the past half-century, known for…
Major Theologies (Contents)
1: Wesleyan Biblical Theology 2: Dispensationalism 3: Canonical Criticism 4: Narrative Theology 5: Reformed Theology 6: Arminianism 7: Lutheranism 8:…
1: Wesleyan Biblical Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Biblical Theology Wesleyan Biblical Theology is firmly situated within the discipline of Biblical Theology…
2: Dispensationalism
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Biblical Theology Dispensationalism is categorised within Biblical Theology because it focuses on understanding the…
3: Canonical Criticism
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Biblical Theology Canonical Criticism belongs to Biblical Theology because it centres on the final…
4: Narrative Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Biblical Theology Narrative Theology is placed within Biblical Theology because it approaches Scripture primarily…
5: Reformed Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Systematic Theology Reformed Theology is situated within Systematic Theology as it offers a comprehensive…
6: Arminianism
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Systematic Theology Arminianism is situated within Systematic Theology as it presents a coherent doctrinal…
7: Lutheranism
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Systematic Theology Lutheranism is classified within Systematic Theology because it provides a comprehensive and…
8: Roman Catholic Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Systematic Theology Roman Catholic Theology is placed within Systematic Theology as it systematically organises…
9: Eastern Orthodox Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Systematic Theology Eastern Orthodox Theology is classified within Systematic Theology as it provides a…
10: Liberation Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Contextual and Liberation Theologies (a subfield that often crosses over with Practical Theology) Liberation…
11: Process Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Philosophical Theology Process Theology is classified within Philosophical Theology because it employs philosophical methods—particularly…
12: Augustinian Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Historical Theology Augustinian Theology is classified primarily within Historical Theology because it represents the…
13: Thomistic Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Historical Theology Thomistic Theology is primarily situated within Historical Theology as a major theological…
14: Reformation Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Historical Theology (with profound influence on Systematic Theology) Reformation Theology is primarily situated within…
15: Neo-Orthodoxy
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Historical Theology (with significant contributions to Systematic Theology) Neo-Orthodoxy is primarily classified within Historical…
16: Liberation Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Contextual and Liberation Theologies (often related to Practical Theology) Liberation Theology is primarily placed…
17: Contextual Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Contextual and Liberation Theologies (a subfield often related to Practical Theology) Contextual Theology is…
18: Pentecostal/Charismatic Practical Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Practical Theology Pentecostal/Charismatic Practical Theology is situated within Practical Theology because it focuses on…
19: Catholic Pastoral Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Practical Theology Catholic Pastoral Theology is classified within Practical Theology as it focuses on…
20: Liberation Practical Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Practical Theology (within the broader Contextual and Liberation Theologies) Liberation Practical Theology is classified…
21: Evangelical Practical Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Practical Theology Evangelical Practical Theology is situated within Practical Theology because it emphasizes the…
22: Contextual Practical Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Practical Theology (within the broader field of Contextual and Liberation Theologies) Contextual Practical Theology…
23: Narrative and Reflective Practical Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Practical Theology Narrative and Reflective Practical Theology is situated within Practical Theology as it…
24: Feminist Practical Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Practical Theology Feminist Practical Theology is situated within Practical Theology as it applies feminist…
25: Classical Theism
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Philosophical Theology Classical Theism is a foundational tradition within Philosophical Theology that articulates the…
26: Process Theology
1. Theological Category and Placement Category: Philosophical Theology Process Theology is situated within Philosophical Theology as it applies process philosophy—particularly…